12-Aug-2014Source: HeliHub.com
Fuchs Helikopter have announced that they will be the first operator of the Robinson R66 Turbine in Switzerland. Serial number 0338 is expected to soon take up local registration HB-ZSF – it has been bought from Nisa Air in the Czech Republic, who operated it as OK-TNT for a short time. Fuchs intend using the... Read more
30-Jul-2014Source: HeliHub.com
The lead time for a new Robinson R66 turbine has grown to six months from order. Latest information indicates that the delivery dates for a current order on each of Robinson’s four production lines are as follows R22 – Early November 2014 Raven I – Late November 2014 Raven II – Mid December 2014 R66... Read more
4-Jul-2014Source: NZ CAA
Robinson Helicopters have accepted the CAA’s invitation to give a safety awareness briefing on the R44 and R66. The one-day safety briefing and product update will be presented by Tim Tucker, chief flying instructor for Robinson. There will be an opportunity on the day after for a dual flight with Tim in the R66 or... Read more
28-Jun-2014
Details not yet known, but helicopter crashed killing all four POB including pilot A.I. Goncharenko, businessman Samvel Elugyan plus his 22-year-old daughter Alina Elugyan and 13-year-old son Eugene Elugyan. Post crash fire... Read more
23-Jun-2014Source: Guidance Aviation
Girl Scouts participating in the 2014 Discover Aviation Camp received VIP access to Guidance Aviation’s helicopter flight training facilities as well as its associated campus of Yavapai Community College. Campers enjoyed experiencing what it is like to sit in and touch the controls of Robinson R22’s, R44’s, and R66 helicopters; take a part in helicopter... Read more
13-Jun-2014Source: StandardAero
StandardAero has completed a license agreement with Rolls-Royce that designates the company’s Singapore facility as an Authorized Maintenance Repair and Overhaul Center (AMROC) for RR300 helicopter engines. This authorization, signed on May 16 of this year, follows StandardAero’s Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada RR300 AMROC agreement, signed in December, 2013. StandardAero’s Singapore repair shop is a state-of-the-art... Read more
10-Jun-2014Source: HeliHub.com
British operator Sloane Helicopters recently marked an impressive 45 years in business, and 25 years at their Sywell headquarters. As many countries marked the 70th anniversary on Friday of the D-Day landings on 6th June 1944, Sloane also remembered the launch event of their current facility at Sywell on 6th June 1989 and the company starting... Read more
6-Jun-2014Source: Precision Aviation Services
Nearing its first anniversary as a Robinson Helicopter Dealer and Service Center, Precision Aviation Services (PAS), a Precision Aviation Group Company (PAG), has already sold 11 helicopters, surpassing the first-year requirement to sell eight. The majority of the helicopters PAG sold were Robinson’s newest, largest and most powerful helicopter, the R66, which is the manufacturer’s... Read more
4-Jun-2014Source: Robinson
Robinson Helicopter Company received Transport Canada’s certification for the R66 Turbine Police Helicopter. Robinson’s R66 Police model is specially configured for law enforcement and meets the latest FAA crashworthiness regulations. Modestly priced at $1,129,000 USD, the four-place R66 Police helicopter combines R66 power, altitude performance, and payload with the latest in surveillance technology. Turn-key ready,... Read more
29-May-2014
Emergency landing due to weather with three on board going to a rugby match at Huddersfield... Read more
26-May-2014Source: HeliHub.com
Russian Robinson dealer Aviamarket has consolidated its position as the largest dealer in Robinson helicopters outside the US with the contract signature for another ten R66 Turbines at the HeliRussia exhibition. With CEO Kurt Robinson arriving in Russia some days ahead of the exhibition – greeted with the sampling of some local delicacies – there... Read more
26-May-2014Source: HeliHub.com
Heli Air has become the first Robinson dealer to complete everything required to have an R66 legally carrying a registration from an EASA country. Their first delivered R66 – serial 0016 and flying up to now on the FAA registration N66NN – has now become G-JNNH for owners Jenny ‘n Nick Hawes (hence the “JNNH”). HeliHub.com... Read more
26-May-2014Source: Precision Aviation Services
Despite referring to an event over two months back, this is a newly issued press release from Precision. Ed The world’s largest helicopter trade show and exposition, the 2014 HAI HELI-EXPO, proved to be the ultimate showroom for Precision Aviation Services (PAS), a Precision Aviation Group Company (PAG) and a Robinson Helicopter dealer and service... Read more
20-May-2014Source: Valair
Valair Helicopter Services, the official R66 Robinson dealer of Switzerland receives as one of the first Service Centers in Europe the Approval of the national authorities for the R66 Turbine. FOCA, the Federal Office of Civil Aviation issued the Maintenance Organisation Approval May 10, 2014, only 10 days after the EASA certification date.... Read more
16-May-2014Source: Mornington Sanford Aviation
UK Civil Aviation Authority issue the first Robinson R66(250) type endorsement into the Part 66 licence of Richard Mornington-Sanford. Richard conducts EASA Part 147 approved theoretical type training courses for the Robinson R66 type plus the RR300 engine. The R66 Type Training Course available are: Course 1: Full R66 Theoretical Airframe Course plus RR300 Engine... Read more
15-May-2014Source: Rolls-Royce
Rolls-Royce has received certifications from the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) for various models of the M250 turboprop and turboshaft engines as well as the RR300 helicopter engine. Rolls-Royce now has 16 light turboshaft and turboprop engines certified by CAAC for operation in China, as the general aviation market is poised for rapid near-term... Read more
14-May-2014Source: HeliUK Expo
Sloane Helicopters is delighted to announce that it will be at HeliUK Expo, at Sywell Aerodrome, 3-4 June 2014. As the UK and Ireland distributor for AgustaWestland and Robinson helicopters, Sloane will carry a wide range of aircraft on static display throughout AeroExpo UK and HeliUK Expo, as well as further aircraft at the Company’s... Read more
8-May-2014Source: Robinson
China’s civil aviation authority, the CAAC, certified the Robinson R66 Turbine helicopter on 29 April 2014, almost one year to the day the certification process began. China joins the now over fifty countries including Australia, Brazil, Canada, EASA member states (Europe), Japan, South Africa, and the U.S. that have certified the R66. As China relaxes... Read more
3-May-2014Source: Robinson
On April 30, 2014, four years after initial FAA certification, the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) issued its type certificate for the Robinson R66 Turbine helicopter. Robinson is pleased to add EASA member states to the now over fifty countries (including Australia, Brazil, Canada, Japan, Russia, South Africa, and the U.S.) that have certified the... Read more
23-Apr-2014Source: Dart
DART Aerospace is pleased to announce that it has received Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and Transport Canada Supplemental Type Certificates (STC) for its R66 Cargo Mirror and R66 Bearpaws; EASA approval should follow shortly. The DART Cargo Mirror mounts easily to the Fwd end of the right hand skidtube to provide better viewing of the... Read more
22-Apr-2014Source: Dart Aerospace
DART Aerospace is pleased to announce that, as part of a bilateral agreement between the US and Canada, Transport Canada has confirmed that DART’s R66 Emergency Float System can now be installed in Canada. The new float system designed and manufactured by DART, is the only emergency float system currently available on the market that... Read more
11-Apr-2014Source: Baum Hedlund
A Los Angeles Superior Court judge has denied a forum non conveniens motion filed by Robinson Helicopter Company, Rolls-Royce and Honeywell to have a fatal helicopter crash case (the very first R66 crash) removed from her courtroom in Los Angeles to be litigated in Colombia, where the crash occurred. In her March 28 ruling, the Honorable Michelle R.... Read more
24-Mar-2014Source: Robinson
R66 Turbine S/N 500 rolled off Robinson’s production line on March 14, 2014, three and half years since the 5-place helicopter was initially certificated in October 2010. The helicopter was delivered to Aviamarket, one of three R66 dealers in Russia, and will be on display at this year’s Heli-Russia Exhibition in Moscow, May 22-24. Aviamarket... Read more
10-Mar-2014Source: Daily Breeze
Frank Robinson, founder of Robinson Helicopter Co. in Torrance, has been selected for induction into the California Aviation Hall of Fame. See full story Photo from Aviation Legends dinner, February 2011... Read more
26-Feb-2014Source: StandardAero
StandardAero has rapidly built up its capabilities and MRO services for Rolls-Royce RR300 helicopter engines, inducting five engines into the company’s Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada shop since signing its license agreement authorizing StandardAero as an RR300 engines service provider in December, 2013. In addition to the accelerated intake of engines for repair and overhaul, StandardAero has... Read more
25-Feb-2014Source: Guidance Aviation
Guidance Louisiana, LLC of Baton Rouge, Louisiana has just launched a new Robinson Helicopter Dealership. On Friday, February 21, 2014, the dealership became official when Chief Pilot, Matt Cavenagh, received delivery of a new 2014 Robinson R66 Helicopter from the Robinson manufacturing facility in Torrance, California. “Guidance Louisiana will be providing sales and service of the... Read more
24-Feb-2014Source: Aspen Avionics
Aspen Avionics announced today the EFD1000H Primary Flight Display (PFD) system will be available as a factory option on the Robinson R22, R44 Raven I, R44 Raven II, and R66 helicopters. The EFD500H Multi-function Display (MFD) system will be available as a factory option on the R44 Raven I, R44 Raven II, and R66. The EFD1000H... Read more
23-Feb-2014Source: Spidertracks
Spidertracks is proud to announce an agreement with Robinson Helicopter Company to include the Spider S5 as the helicopter manufacturer’s real-time flight tracking offering in their options catalog for the R22, R44 and R66 models. “We think the spidertracks system offers an excellent overall value and believe that satellite-based position tracking provides significant safety benefits... Read more
21-Feb-2014Source: Chicaco Sun-Times
Background lobbying has led Zoning Committee Chairman now wanting to ground the helipad plan of Chicago Helicopter Express see full story... Read more
19-Feb-2014Source: Guidance Aviation
As Robinson Helicopters announces the introduction of glass instrument panels and advanced avionics for the R22, R44, and R66′s, Guidance Aviation of Prescott, Arizona and Baton Rouge, Louisiana is upgrading its fleet with Garmin G500H glass panels. “We decided a while back to invest in fleet upgrades that would better represent industry standards and provide... Read more
10-Feb-2014Source: Robinson
Robinson Helicopter Company is introducing a new line of instrument panels and avionics for the R22, R44, and R66. The new line includes, as optional equipment, Garmin’s GTN 600/700 touch-screen navigators, as well as Aspen Avionics’ Primary Flight Display (PFD) and Multifunction Display (MFD) systems. Garmin’s GTR 225B COM radio, GMA 350H audio panel, GDL... Read more
6-Feb-2014Source: Dart Aerospace
DART Aerospace is pleased to announce that it has received the FAA STC approval for its Emergency Float System for the Robinson R66. The new float system designed and manufactured by DART is the only emergency float system currently available on the market and it will allow R66 operators to safely perform over-water operations. The... Read more
30-Jan-2014Source: HeliHub.com
EASA has recently issued full details of an appeal hearing between two organisations – EASA itself and Robinson Helicopter Co. The case concerns the amount of the invoices being raised by EASA on Robinson for the work that EASA is putting in to the type certificate for the R66. Here are the numbers Invoice 90009422... Read more
21-Jan-2014Source: HeliHub.com
After a bumper 45% increase in 2012 production over 2011, Robinson have produced near enough the exact same numbers of each helicopter type in 2013 compared to 2012. Robinson Helicopter’s production for 2013 was 523 helicopters – 192 R66s, 289 R44s and 42 R22s, a marginal 1% increase over 2012’s production of 517. The order... Read more
2-Jan-2014Source: StandardAero
StandardAero announced that it has finalized a license agreement with Rolls-Royce to become North America’s first independent Authorized Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul Center (AMROC) on the RR300 engine. This contract finalizes the announcement earlier this year that StandardAero was selected by Rolls-Royce, pending agreement of terms. In addition, StandardAero already has inducted three RR300 engines... Read more
20-Dec-2013Source: Gyronimo
Tim Tucker, Robinson Helicopter Company’s Chief Instructor and Claus Richter founder of Gyronimo, LLC have teamed together to produce a series of new performance apps for the Robinson R22, R44 and R66. These new apps build on the already popular Robinson apps developed by Gyronimo but add the insights and knowledge of Robinson’s well known... Read more
9-Dec-2013Source: Colorado Heli-Ops
Colorado Heli-Ops, the state’s largest helicopter flight school, recently celebrated three significant milestones on the same day. On November 19, the school flew its 1,000th helicopter tour – which also happened to be the first tour flight in its new Robinson R66. At the same time, the school celebrated the one-year anniversary of the move... Read more
4-Dec-2013Source: HeliHub.com
Robinson Helicopter Co is racing ahead with R66 production, and has already delivered around 450 of the RR300 turbine-powered five seat helicopter. Given that production figure, it seems a little surprising to us that one export market has taken over 100 of this model of helicopter, but our data shows that Brazil has now registered... Read more
30-Nov-2013
Blown over in high winds when parked on grass helipad. Estimated date based on posting of photo in Facebook... Read more
20-Nov-2013
Sole occupant pilot Nelson Juliani Blanco, age 33, died in the accident... Read more
13-Nov-2013Source: HeliHub.com
A Robinson R66 is being used in Colombia as a pediatric air ambulance. It is flying alongside Westwind 1124A and Learjet 31 jets with Fundacion Cardiovascular de Colombia (FCV). Doctors at FCV are using the R66 to reach pediatric patients in remote areas. The back seat of the R66 has been replaced with a bench,... Read more
6-Nov-2013Source: Bell
Bell Helicopter, a Textron Inc. company (NYSE: TXT) announced that its Aeronautical Accessories brand is now providing FAA approved Carbide Skid Shoes for the Robinson R66. Carbide skid shoes are produced using a patented process to rework standard skid shoes into long lasting, durable shoes made with carbide steel. Through a unique process involving carbide... Read more
31-Oct-2013Source: Dart Aerospace
DART Aerospace is pleased to launch bearpaws, cargo mirror and floor protectors for the Robinson R66.DART is expecting to receive Transport Canada certification approval for these new products by December 2013. FAA/EASA certification approvals are expected to follow in early 2014. These new products will be offered in addition to our growing line of Robinson... Read more
2-Oct-2013Source: HeliHub.com
The rush of R66 orders from Canada and Russia following the relatively recent type certification in those two countries is all but over. At the end of October 2013, Robinson will reduce the production rate of their five-seat turbine from 12 to 8 per month – although we expect it will rise at some point... Read more
23-Sep-2013Source: Rotorcorp
Dart Aerospace moved once step closer to final FAA approval for the company’s emergency float system for the Robinson R66 Helicopter. Testing was performed today in the hangar at Orbic Helicopters in Camarillo, California where the pop-out floats were installed and deployed. Drop testing was completed earlier this summer and final flight tests are expected to be... Read more
19-Sep-2013Source: Aviamarket
On Saturday 14th September, after 39448 km, 43 days and total 220 hours of the flight time, two Robinson R66s arrived back in Moscow after completing a trip round the world. Here is the electronic translation of the story from Aviamarket, Robinson dealers in Russia. During the 43 days of the pilots flying club on... Read more
14-Sep-2013
The R66 is being paid for entirely out of federal asset forfeiture funds, so the Council’s decision was more around the ongoing maintenance costs. See full story... Read more
2-Sep-2013Source: Heli Air
Heli Air, the UK’s largest onshore helicopter operator, is delighted to announce that following the recent acquisition of Scotia Helicopters, it has now launched Heli Air Scotland, based at Cumbernauld Airport midway between Glasgow and Edinburgh. Heli Air now has nine bases across the UK, including the recently opened operation at City Airport & Heliport,... Read more
21-Aug-2013
A Virginia woman sued over a helicopter crash last month in northeastern Pennsylvania that killed her young son and four others, saying a charter company “negligently and recklessly” allowed a pilot to fly when he was not fully trained. see full story HeliHub accident page – see 27-Jul-13 N646AG Robinson R66 Tunkhannock, US-Pennsylvania (5F) Premilinary NTSB... Read more
5-Aug-2013Source: Guidance Aviation
Guidance Aviation, a leading collegiate helicopter flight training organization with schools in Prescott, Arizona and Baton Rouge, Louisiana, has added a Robinson R66 turbine helicopter to its fleet. “The R66 is powered by a Rolls Royce RR300 and will cruise at 125 kts. With significantly improved performance at high altitude, the R66 fits nicely into... Read more
5-Aug-2013Source: HeliHub.com
A pair of Robinson R66s, each with two crew, have set off from Russia on a round-the-world tour from Bunkovo Heliport 40 miles north west of Moscow. For 45 days, the crews will see virtually all climatic zones and most inaccessible corners of the planet. Plans to fly over the Norwegian fjords, across the Atlantic,... Read more
28-Jul-2013
Main rotor struck tail boom during tailwind landing... Read more
27-Jul-2013
En route from Lehighton PA to Endecott NY with five aboard was en route when it disappeared from radar during conditions of severe thunderstorms and heavy fog. The last communication to ATC was a report around 10 pm Saturday that he was “losing altitude and would try to return to a nearby airfield.”. Wreckage was... Read more
11-Jul-2013Source: Baum Hedlund
The families of two men killed in the first Robinson R66 helicopter to ever crash have filed a wrongful death lawsuit (case number BC514477) in Los Angeles Superior Court through their attorneys, Baum, Hedlund, Aristei & Goldman. The lawsuit alleges that shortly after takeoff the R66 experienced a mechanical malfunction and uncontrollable loss of power during normal... Read more
5-Jul-2013Source: Aerial Recon
On 12 June 2013 Aerial Recon took delivery of the first Canadian-registered R66 Turbine helicopters at Robinson’s factory in Torrance, Calif., and then flew the four aircraft to Aerial Recon’s home base in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The four helicopters will be used for private and commercial operations. After a lengthy process, Transport Canada Civil Aviation... Read more
27-Jun-2013Source: Sloane Helicopters
As many of you will now know, Robinson Helicopter Company successfully demonstrated the ELOS (Equivalent Level Of Safety) to the FAA resulting in the helicopter receiving certification in Russia and Canada. EASA have since deemed the Equivalent Safety Finding as “important” and, as such, have made it subject to public consultation. Sloane responded with its... Read more
27-Jun-2013Source: Precision Aviation Services
Peachtree City, GA based Precision Aviation Services (PAS), a Precision Aviation Group Company (PAG) has announced that it has been named a Robinson Helicopter Dealer and Service Center. PAS, formerly Gardner Aviation Services (GAS) is actively selling R22, R44 and R66 model Robinson Helicopters through its facility located at Falcon Field at the Atlanta Regional... Read more
24-Jun-2013Source: HeliHub.com
Heli Air are moving into Scotland with the purchase of Scotia Helicopters at Cumbernauld under the title “Heli Air Scotland”. Heli Air have been working with Scotia owner John Pearson for two years to reach agreement according to an article in The Herald which says that they were advised by Kytra Consulting. Headlining the new business as... Read more
24-Jun-2013Source: Flightglobal
Flightglobal says Enstrom has a new two-seat offering under development, and is also looking to produce a new light turbine helicopter to rival Bell’s new proposal plus the Eurocopter EC120 Colibri and Robinson R66. see full story... Read more
18-Jun-2013Source: Dart Aerospace
DART Aerospace now offers a complete field maintenance kit carefully designed for the R66 aircraft. The kit that is packaged in a sturdy Pelican case features every tool you will need to perform routine field maintenance on the R66. Every tool is encapsulated in a foam liner to ensure proper order of tools and safe... Read more
15-Jun-2013Source: Heliflite
Heliflite was pleased to deliver the first new R66 Turbine helicopter into Perth earlier this month. Heliflite’s Western Australian manager Tony Bates was proud to supply the aircraft to Oliver Dunkel and his wife Gerda, who are the proprietors of Perth Harley Davidson. The new R66 Turbine was ferried from Sydney to Perth by Oliver... Read more
4-Jun-2013Source: Rotorcorp
Montreal based Dart Aerospace has selected Rotorcorp, LLC to conduct advance orders and delivery of the company’s emergency float system for the Robinson R66 Helicopter; with the anticipated FAA approval of the Supplemental Type Certificate (STC) at the end of the summer. “Helicopters find work where the roads end. Utilization of the Dart R66 floats... Read more
3-Jun-2013Source: Robinson
On 31 May 2013, Transport Canada issued its type certificate for the R66. Thirteen U.S. registered R66 helicopters are currently operating in Canada, and Robinson will deliver another thirteen by the end of this year. Canadian certification reached a standstill until the FAA’s ELOS (Equivalent Level of Safety) finding that effectively removed an exemption in... Read more
22-May-2013Source: HeliHub.com
Russian Robinson distributor Aviamarket has landed a Robinson R66 on the North Pole for the first time. In an expedition between 2nd and 14th April, the company’s chief pilot Dmitry Rakitsky flew with Michael Farih to make the record breaking flight for a number of reasons. While the key target was the geographical achievement, the... Read more
15-May-2013Source: Helifilte
Heliflite’s authorised Robinson helicopter sales and service centre at Jandakot Airport celebrates five years of operation. In 2008 Heliflite opened its Western Australian centre at Perth’s Jandakot Airport. Manager Tony Bates leads the experienced Heliflite WA team. Heliflite has long been involved in the Western Australian helicopter industry going back to the late 1970s with a charter organisation once based... Read more
16-Apr-2013Source: HeliHub.com
Transport Canada is closing in on the announcement that it has certified the Robinson R66. In a similar way to Russia, Canada has recently accepted the ELOS document issued by the FAA – and that is the last key piece in the jigsaw. ELOS (Equivalent Level Of Safety) is a technical reassurance on the hydraulic... Read more
10-Apr-2013Source: AIAA
Frank D. Robinson, founder, Robinson Helicopter Company, Torrance, Calif., has been selected to receive the 2013 Daniel Guggenheim Medal. He will receive the medal on Wednesday evening, May 22, at the Grand Awards Banquet of the American Helicopter Society International’s 69th Annual Forum and Technology Display, May 21–23, at the Phoenix Convention Center, Phoenix, Ariz.... Read more
27-Mar-2013Source: Mornington Sanford Aviation
Richard Mornington-Sanford of Mornington Sanford Aviation assist South Asian Airlines of Dhaka, Bangladesh to certify the first Robinson R66 Turbine in Country. The Robinson R66 Turbine, registration S2-AFC, serial number 0237, was shipped from RHC via sea freight to Chittagong where the helicopter was re-assembled and test flown. S2-AFC was then delivered to South Asian... Read more
22-Mar-2013Source: ATP
ATP has released 5 new libraries in support of Robinson Helicopters. They include 1 new Maintenance Library and 4 new Operator Libraries. The Maintenance Library includes the Maintenance Manuals, Parts Catalogs, Service Bulletins, ADs and Flight Manuals needed to maintain the R66 airframe. The Operators Libraries include the POH, ADs, MMEL, and AIM and are... Read more
21-Mar-2013Source: Robinson
HeliHub.com broke the story of Russian R66 certification ahead of the official press release from Robinson. Now the latter is issued – see below – there are big order numbers being quoted and evidently Robinson have been happily taking orders and deposits ready for just this time. Quite a contrasting situation in Europe, though. Robinson... Read more
19-Mar-2013Source: HeliHub.com
Robinson distributor Aerosoyuz has announced that the Interstate Aviation Committee – Russia’s type certification authority – has approved the Robinson R66. The company says that the issue of type certificate ST337-R66 has been delayed by at least a year due to the hydraulic issues that has delayed approval by key authorities including Transport Canada and... Read more
14-Mar-2013Source: HeliHub.com
Robinson continues to work with the relevant authorities to get the turbine engined R66 certified in Russia, Canada and Europe – and a recent press release from Sloane Helicopters confirms that some progress is being made – indeed there is every indication that now the FAA has granted Robinson the ELOS (Equivalent Level of Safety) paperwork, certification... Read more
11-Mar-2013Source: HeliHub.com
Here in the UK we have had some recent high-profile general media stories about huge international organisations avoiding tax. Household names including Amazon, Google and Starbucks were splashed across the headlines – each of them using various legal tactics to minimise their UK tax payment. While these activities may be ethically dubious, they are all perfectly... Read more
9-Mar-2013
Crashed on a ridge above the Oamaru Valley, east of Turangi, after dropping off a hunting party. The body of pilot Mark Didsbury was found 50m away from the helicopter... Read more
7-Mar-2013Source: Sloane Helicopters
Sloane Helicopters, the UK and Ireland Robinson Dealer since the mid 1970’s has, along with many other potential European buyers, been frustrated at the delays to EASA certification of the R66. During the original FAA certification of the R66, the FAA granted Robinson an exemption from the redundant control valve regulation. Several non US countries... Read more
